Advance organizational behaviour Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Advance organizational behaviour - Coursework Example Thus, one of the most important contributions of romanticists is the creation of the inner self. The creation of the deep interior is common among mankind. All of us have capacities or capabilities or habits which are built deep inside us in our consciousness. These capacities are neither so visible nor so prevalent that they can be understood easily. Deep inside us in the interior there is a major constituent known as the soul. It is this soul which created more value and charm amongst the humans thereby, portraying them as powerful holding the ability to accomplish many tasks. The romanticists believed that the inner self of people had great potential and it was this which they discussed. For the romanticists today, people should try to spread love and moral values should be upheld. One should try to find the meaning of life and should figure out the importance of human life. Lately romanticists have been on the decline and even though there vocabulary and ideas still exist their i nfluence has mostly been from the sidelines. It has been the modernists that have taken over the position of the romanticists. Modernist ideas can be said to be a revival of the enlightenment beliefs of reason and observation. These relate to Darwinist ideas that there should be evolution and evolvement of the theories for its survival in the modern world. Also there are many truths hidden in this world that are yet to be discovered and therefore, there should be a search for these fundamentals or important truths. Along with the above two, modernism has other assumptions as well such as the faith in progress and the absorption of ideas into the way of life in the society. These assumptions have been largely encouraged by the scholars and have been implemented broadly when the society’s organization theories have been formed. As years have progressed modernism and romanticism have been studied, researched and analyzed in detail. However, when it comes to the application of th ese theories in the real world today these theories seem livid or impractical. As a result, people tend to look towards other theories and this is where post modernism comes in. People tend to look towards post modernism as a relevant theory because it tends to discuss those topics such as culture and intellect which the people are interested in. Postmodernist view, objective, universal, recognizable as the truth is the mythical, all we have ever found in the search for truth is painful â€Å"truths† that the only compelling in their own time and culture, but of course the truth is not has never been ours. Also, if we make a mistake to claim to know the truth, there are misleading at best and dangerous at worst. A person’s sense of identity is a complex designed by the forces of the surrounding culture. Individual consciousness – a vague â€Å"decentered† the collection of conscious and unconscious beliefs, knowledge and insight of themselves and the worl d – is malleable and arrived at through interaction with the surrounding culture. Postmodernism, then, as opposed to modernity is the dissolution of self. The postmodern perspective, we should not regard ourselves as unique, unified, confident, independent individuals. The language of our culture (visual and verbal cues that we use to represent the world to ourselves), literally â€Å"build† what we consider â€Å"real† in our daily lives. In this sense, the reality is a â€Å"text† or â€Å"composite† of texts and the texts (rather than God created reality) is the only reality we can know. Our sense of self – who we are, how we think about ourselves and how we see and interpret the world and give us a sense in it –

Evolution of colouration in bird eggs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Evolution of colouration in bird eggs - Essay Example One key fact states that the more diversified a population becomes, the more likely it is to survive as a species. This increases its ability to occupy more territory and gain access to more sustenance, or to spread itself out and become more inconspicuous among predators. Several species of birds demonstrate this type of variation at the embryonic stage. The eggs they lay are coloured or spotted in particular ways, the complete reasons for which have been somewhat elusive to researchers for some time. In fact, birds are the only species that produce pigmented egg shells (Gosler, et al. 2005, p. 1105), and this leads scientists to believe that the pigmentation serves a discoverable purpose. Such reasons as crypsis and the prevention of parasites have been hypothesised. Other hypotheses have been based on sexual selection or on the chemical structure of the eggshell and its influence on eggshell fragility and vulnerability. Hybridization has also been suggested as a factor that influe nces egg colour. These hypotheses, though varied, have important implications on the evolution of the bird shells and can give insight into the reasons for the various pigmentations that birds' eggs carry. Safety is a very important issue for birds when it is noted that their eggs are prone to different forms of predation and parasitism. Two types of brood parasitism exist. Conspecific brood parasitism occurs when birds of similar species place their foreign eggs into the nest of a host. Interspecific brood parasitism occurs when birds of other species infiltrate the nest and place their own eggs in the clutch. This can be very dangerous to the existence of a particular avian species, since the some parasites are known to be vicious and ruthless. The most notorious of these parasites are cuckoos, and their parasitism is dangerous as they often hatch before the genuine brood and expel authentic eggs from the nest, terminating that attempt of the species to reproduce. This is truer of some species than of other, depending on the type of predation suffered by each. The great tit (Parus major), for example, does not expel parasites from its nest, and this appears to be contingent on the fact that it is not a host to the European cuckoo parasite (Gosler, Higham and Reynolds, 2005. p. 1105-6). Village weavers, on the other hand, do remove foreign eggs from their nests, and have therefore to learn the appearance of their eggs (Collias, 1993, p. 684). The implication of this fact is that the weaver eggs must have progressively developed a distinctive appearance in order to facilitate recognition. It has been observed that West African village weavers' spotted eggs have noticeable intraspecific differences, and hypotheses have been formed concerning the reasons for this. The first spots on eggs might have been achieve by one incidence of genetic mutation in the species, but this kind of spotting in weavers is now commonplace. Relying on the reasoning of the previous paragraph, it was predicted that within the weavers' clutches the diversity of colouration would be minimised in the absence of interspecific parasites and maximised in their presence. Researcher David Lahti found opportunity for an experiment involving these West African weavers in the fact that the species had